{"id":884,"date":"2021-02-02T19:02:40","date_gmt":"2021-02-02T19:02:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bjmures.gheorghita.net\/?page_id=884"},"modified":"2023-11-28T10:43:39","modified_gmt":"2023-11-28T07:43:39","slug":"ghiduri","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/bjmures.ro\/hu\/publicatii-biblioteca-judeteana-mures\/ghiduri\/","title":{"rendered":"Ghiduri"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tGhiduri \n\t\t\t<\/h2 > \n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ghid din anul 1979 - Biblioteca Jude\u021bean\u0103 Mure\u0219<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Biblioteca Jude\u021bean\u0103 Mure\u0219 - Ghid din 1979<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Az oldal ford\u00edt\u00e1sa folyamatban\u00a0van<\/em><\/h6>\n

Ce se poate scrie \u00een prefa\u0163a unui ghid de bibliotec\u0103 drept \u201ecuv\u00eent \u00eenainte\u201d? Doar \u201eghidul\u201d unei biblioteci este \u00eensu\u015fi \u201ecuv\u00eentul \u00eenainte\u201d al celor ce-i trec cu sfioas\u0103 pasiune pragul.<\/p>\n

Este un \u201e\u00eendrumar al unui \u00eendrumar\u201d de via\u0163\u0103, adic\u0103 al c\u0103r\u0163ilor ordonate \u00een rafturi pentru a ne \u00eendruma mintea, inima \u015fi fapta spre mereu mai plin, mai \u00eenalt \u015fi mai frumos.<\/p>\n

A\u015fadar, un \u201eghid al ghidului\u201d nostru \u00een via\u0163\u0103 – cartea. \u015ei totu\u015fi. . . Biblioteca noastr\u0103 jude\u0163ean\u0103 \u00ee\u015fi are, iat\u0103, un \u00eendrum\u0103tor tip\u0103rit spre folosul pasiona\u0163ilor ei cititori.<\/p>\n

O lucrare ce nu \u015ftiu dac\u0103 va figura printre at\u00eetea \u201ec\u0103r\u0163i mari\u201d, dar pus\u0103 \u00een slujba acestor \u201ec\u0103r\u0163i mari\u201d. Un buchet de \u201einforma\u0163ii utile\u201d pentru mari \u015fi mici spre a le sluji, odat\u0103 mai mult, apropierii cu \u00eencredere \u015fi dragoste spre acest minunat tezaur de \u00een\u0163elepciune \u015fi \u00een\u0103l\u0163\u0103tor, de omenie \u015fi \u00eemplinire.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tConsulta\u021bi documentul \u00een Biblioteca Digital\u0103 Mure\u0219<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Este aceasta \u015fi o chemare \u015fi un \u00eendemn, \u015fi o profesiune de credin\u0163\u0103. Profesiunea de credin\u0163\u0103 a unui colectiv harnic \u015fi serios, modest \u015fi ad\u00eenc \u00een \u00eendeletnicirea de a da \u201ea doua via\u0163\u0103\u201d c\u0103r\u0163ilor.<\/p>

\u015ei atunci iat\u0103 ce cred c\u0103 trebuie scris drept \u201ecuv\u00eent \u00eenainte\u201d: v\u0103 mul\u0163umim, stima\u0163i slujitori ai acestei biblioteci jude\u0163ene, pentru truda voastr\u0103 modest\u0103 \u015fi profund\u0103 de a ne atrage \u00een lumea mirific\u0103 a c\u0103r\u0163ii, pentru munca nobil\u0103 c\u0103reia v\u0103 d\u0103rui\u0163i ne\u00eentrerupt, vou\u0103, d\u0103rui\u0163i pentru d\u0103ruire.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Iulius Moldovan<\/em><\/strong>
Pre\u015fedintele Comitetului jude\u0163ean de cultur\u0103 \u015fi educa\u0163ie socialist\u0103 Mure\u015f<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Bibliotheca Telekiana-Ghid ilustrat din 1994<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Biblioteca Teleki-Bolyai din T\u00e2rgu-Mure\u015f este una dintre cele mai bogate colec\u0163ii de carte veche din Transilvania, l\u0103ca\u015f al culturii europene din secolele trecute. Cele peste 200 000 de volume constituie o colec\u0163ie \u015ftiin- \u0163ific\u0103 cu structur\u0103 enciclopedic\u0103, p\u0103str\u0103toare a multor rarit\u0103\u0163i bibliofile.<\/p>

Fondul Teleki-Bolyai a rezultat din asocierea celor dou\u0103 mari colec\u0163ii distincte: Teleki cu un num\u0103r de 40 000 de volume \u015fi Bolyai cu 80 000 de volume. Acestora li s-au ad\u0103ugat de-a lungul timpului alte fonduri provenite din diferite tipuri de biblioteci tradi\u0163ionale din Transilvania: \u015fcoli confesionale, biblioteci personale \u015fi biblioteca M\u0103n\u0103stirii franciscane din C\u0103lug\u0103reni (Jud. Mure\u015f).<\/p>

Cl\u0103direa, \u00een care func\u0163ioneaz\u0103 \u015fi \u00een prezent Biblioteca Teleki, a fost construit\u0103 cu aceast\u0103 destina\u0163ie, \u00een stil baroc, \u00een anii 1799-1802, de contele Teleki S\u00e2muel (Gorne\u015fti, 1739 – Viena, 1822). \u00een anul 1802 \u015fi-a deschis por\u0163ile prima bibliotec\u0103 public\u0103 din \u0163ar\u0103, care p\u0103streaz\u0103 \u015fi azi mobilierul \u015fi aranjarea original\u0103 a c\u0103r\u0163ilor.<\/p>

Ideea \u00eenfiin\u0163\u0103rii acestei biblioteci i se contureaz\u0103 lui Teleki, \u00een timpul c\u0103l\u0103toriei sale de studii la universit\u0103\u0163ile din Basel, Paris, Utrecht, Leiden, unde dob\u00e2nde\u015fte cuno\u015ftin\u0163e temeinice \u00een domeniul \u015ftiin\u0163elor umane \u015fi reale, valorificate \u00een selectarea celor mai reprezentative c\u0103r\u0163i ale culturii europene.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Bibliotheca\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Bibliotheca Telekiana Ghid ilustrat din 1994<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Devenind prin vasta sa cultur\u0103 unul (iintre cei mai competen\u0163i bibliofili ai Europei, Teleki a \u00eenceput achizi\u0163ionarea c\u0103r\u0163ilor dup\u0103 un plan bine conturat ini\u0163ial, l\u0103rgind permanent aria de achizi\u0163ionare \u00een \u00eentreaga Europ\u0103. \u00eentors \u00een \u0163ar\u0103, Teleki \u00eentre\u0163ine o coresponden\u0163\u0103 intens\u0103, \u00een scopul achizi\u0163ion\u0103rii c\u0103r\u0163ilor, cu fo\u015ftii s\u0103i profesori din universit\u0103\u0163ile europene, dintre care \u00eei men\u0163ion\u0103m pe savan\u0163ii elve\u0163ieni Daniel \u015fi Johann Bernoulli, sau cu editori \u015fi librari din marile centre editoriale ale Europei. \u00een acela\u015fi timp \u00ee\u015fi continu\u0103 activitatea \u015ftiin\u0163ific\u0103 \u015fi activitatea de mecenat, ajut\u00e2nd financiar \u015fcoli \u015fi tineri care studiau \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate.<\/p>

Ca semn al recunoa\u015fterii activit\u0103\u0163ii sale \u015ftiin\u0163ifice, Teleki a fost ales membru al Societ\u0103\u0163ilor din Gottingen \u015fi Var\u015fovia. Intr\u0103 \u00een via\u0163a public\u0103, se mut\u0103 la Viena \u00een anul 1787, devenind cancelar al Transilvaniei. Capitala Austriei \u00eei permite extinderea rela\u0163iilor stabilite \u00een vederea achizi\u0163ion\u0103rii c\u0103r\u0163ilor.<\/p>

Teleki cump\u0103r\u0103 c\u0103r\u0163i din 25 de ora\u015fe ale Europei, reu\u015find \u00een timpul celor 60 de ani de activitate s\u0103 procure cele mai reprezentative opere \u015ftii\u0163ifice de la \u00eenfiin\u0163area tiparului.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Caiet documentar-2002<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Caiet documentar-2002<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00cen anul 1913, la darea \u00een folosin\u0163\u0103 a Palatului Culturii din T\u00e2rgu-Mure\u015f, o \u00eentreag\u0103 arip\u0103 a impun\u0103torului edificiu a primit destina\u0163ia de bibliotec\u0103, pentru satisfacerea nevoilor de lectur\u0103 ale popula\u0163iei din municipiu.<\/p>

\u00cen cele aproape nou\u0103 decenii de existen\u0163\u0103, biblioteca t\u00e2rgumure\u015fean\u0103 adaug\u0103 func\u0163iei sale publice calit\u0103\u0163i care o deta\u015feaz\u0103 de alte institu\u0163ii similare, consacr\u00e2ndu-i valoare \u015fi distinc\u0163ie, nu numai prin volumul mare de c\u0103r\u0163i \u015fi documentele pe care le de\u0163ine (peste 850.000 unit\u0103\u0163i de inventar), ci \u015fi prin bog\u0103\u0163ia \u015fi varietatea sporit\u0103 a informa\u0163iilor ce le ofer\u0103 popula\u0163iei. <\/p>

Cititorii precum \u015fi cei care au dirijat evolu\u0163ia pe multe planuri a institu\u0163iei, printr-o echilibrat\u0103 politic\u0103 de dezvoltare \u015fi selec\u0163ie a publica\u0163iilor, au avut \u00een aten\u0163ia lor crearea unui fond de conservare (un exemplar din toate publica\u0163iile colec\u0163ionate), conferindu-i reale posibilit\u0103\u0163i de cercetare \u00een ansamblu a unei probleme dintr-un anumit domeniu, \u00een orice moment dat.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tConsulta\u021bi documentul \u00een Biblioteca Digital\u0103 Mure\u0219<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Dac\u0103 ar fi s\u0103 analiz\u0103m principalele stadii ale dezvolt\u0103rii bibliotecii din punctul de vedere al constituirii colec\u0163iilor, am delimita dou\u0103 perioade: prima, \u00een care se constituie un fond de carte din numeroase dona\u0163ii, publica\u0163ii cu o larg\u0103 adresabilitate, care r\u0103spundeau cerin\u0163elor lecturii publice \u00een paralel cu eforturile de completare retrospectiv\u0103, etap\u0103 care se \u00eencheie la \u00eenceputul ultimei conflagra\u0163ii mondiale, \u015fi a doua, rezultat\u0103 din sistemul centralizat al editurilor (1948-1989), perioad\u0103 \u00een care biblioteca achizi\u0163ioneaz\u0103 90-95 % din produc\u0163ia na\u0163ional\u0103 de carte.<\/p>

Sub aspectul structurii lingvistice colec\u0163iile au fost influen\u0163ate de regimurile statale care s-au succedat \u00een acest spa\u0163iu \u00een decursul timpului. Ini\u0163ial, biblioteca s-a constituit \u00een exclusivitate pe carte de limb\u0103 maghiar\u0103 (cu mici excep\u0163ii \u00een limba german\u0103), instituind \u015fi dezvolt\u00e2nd \u00een paralel \u015fi un fond rom\u00e2nesc \u00een perioada interbelic\u0103, eliminat din colec\u0163iile sale \u00een perioada Dictatului (1940-1944), revenind la o dezvoltare normal\u0103 \u00een conformitate cu structura de limb\u0103 a popula\u0163iei dup\u0103 aceast\u0103 dat\u0103, p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een zilele noastre. Este important faptul c\u0103 \u00een tot decursul existen\u0163ei sale, nu au fost distruse ori transferate c\u0103r\u0163i, ele fiind retrase numai din punct de vedere al accesului publicului, fiind repuse \u00een circuitul informa\u0163ional dup\u0103 \u00eencetarea restric\u0163iilor.<\/p>

\u00cenc\u0103 de la \u00eenfiin\u0163are, biblioteca a folosit cele mai avansate mijloace de stocare \u015fi reg\u0103sire a referin\u0163elor. Catalogul general al publica\u0163iilor, organizat \u00een fi\u015fiere pe baza unor norme universale, reprezenta o fericit\u0103 \u00eembinare a celor dou\u0103 tipuri, alfabetic \u015fi tematic, reg\u0103sirea put\u00e2ndu-se realiza la numele autorului, titlului (ca subiect, cu mai mul\u0163i autori ori colectiv de autori), subiectul, descriptor de ordin geografic ori onomastic. Un sistem de fi\u015f\u0103 a c\u0103r\u0163ii \u0163inea eviden\u0163a pe cote (din cifre arabe), \u00eemprumuturile de carte. Pentru economisire de spa\u0163iu, c\u0103r\u0163ile erau a\u015fezate \u00een depozit pe format \u00een cadrul unui metru liniar de raft, sistem p\u0103strat p\u00e2n\u0103 ast\u0103zi la fondul ini\u0163ial de carte.<\/p>

Corespunz\u0103tor conceptului de mare bibliotec\u0103 la T\u00e2rgu-Mure\u015f, pe care o prefigurau primii ei custozi, dr.Moln\u00e1r G\u00e1bor \u015fi Aurel Filimon, s-a constituit fondul de carte rar\u0103, bibliofil\u0103, const\u00e2nd \u00een edi\u0163ii vechi comentate ale clasicilor greci \u015fi latini, carte veche rom\u00e2neasc\u0103 \u015fi maghiar\u0103, transilv\u0103nean\u0103, publica\u0163ii periodice, afi\u015fe, pliante, iconografie. Bibliotecarii care i-au urmat, dat\u0103 fiind cantitatea mare de documente, enciclopedismul \u015fi adresabilitatea acestora, au procedat la diversificarea serviciilor \u015fi sec\u0163iilor \u00een conformitate cu imperativele timpului \u015fi extinderea tematic\u0103 a colec\u0163iilor.<\/p>

Prima sec\u0163ie desprins\u0103 din biblioteca public\u0103 unic\u0103 s-a adresat \u00een exclusivitate cititorilor copii (1952), acesteia urm\u00e2ndu-i separarea fondurilor de \u00eemprumut pentru adul\u0163i \u015fi fondul permanent al s\u0103lii de lectur\u0103 (1961), sec\u0163ie special\u0103 consacrat\u0103 accesului cititorilor la cartea \u015ftiin\u0163ific\u0103 \u015fi tehnic\u0103 (1964; 1974), sec\u0163ia de art\u0103 (teatrologie, arte plastice, muzic\u0103), sec\u0163ie pentru publica\u0163ii periodice, colec\u0163ii speciale \u015fi patru biblioteci filiale \u00een cartierele cu popula\u0163ie mai numeroas\u0103.<\/p>

Un fond aparte, important pentru originalitatea, vechimea \u015fi documentele pe care le de\u0163ine, \u00eel reprezint\u0103 cele dou\u0103 colec\u0163ii de valoare universal\u0103, Teleki \u015fi Bolyai, care, \u00een anul 1974, au trecut cu \u00eentregul patrimoniu \u00een administrarea Bibliotecii Jude\u0163ene, fonduri care se p\u0103streaz\u0103 \u00een tiparele lor tradi\u0163ionale, cu nota de modernitate conferit\u0103 de timpul \u00een care au fost constituite.<\/p>

Pasul decisiv de modernizare a bibliotecii l-a constituit introducerea Clasific\u0103rii Zecimale Universale (CZU) \u00een catalogarea patrimoniului \u015fi cotarea pe aceste criterii a fondurilor de carte pentru \u00eemprumut, expuse mai t\u00e2rziu pe rafturi cu acces liber pentru cititori. Cele dou\u0103 cataloage ale fondului permanent, alfabetic \u015fi sistematic, sunt \u00een m\u0103sur\u0103 s\u0103 ne ofere ast\u0103zi o imagine aproape complet\u0103 a tezaurului de bibliotec\u0103 \u00een complexitatea \u015fi diversitatea lui.<\/p>

Surselor vechi \u015fi noi de informare asupra patrimoniului li se adaug\u0103 ast\u0103zi un bogat fond de referin\u0163\u0103 const\u00e2nd din lexicoane, dic\u0163ionare, monografii, sinteze, \u00een limbile rom\u00e2n\u0103 \u015fi maghiar\u0103, dar \u015fi \u00een limbi de mare circula\u0163ie. Avem ast\u0103zi satisfac\u0163ia de a oferi publicului cititor lucr\u0103ri fundamentale de referin\u0163\u0103 \u015fi mare actualitate la care nici nu puteam g\u00e2ndi \u00eenainte de vreme cum sunt: Encyclopaedia Universalis (23 vol.); Dictionnaire Encyclopedique AXIX (10 vol.); The New Encyclopaedia Britannica (29 vol.); The World Book Encyclopaedia (22 vol.); Grand Larousse Universel (15 vol.); Grand Larousse en 10 volumes; Brockhaus Enzyklop\u00e4die 23 vol.; Great Books (60 vol.); La Nature (14 vol.); Les grands Ma\u00eetres de la peinture (6 vol.); La Deuxieme Guerre Mondiale (7 vol.); The Book of Art (10 vol.); M. Eliade: The Encyclopedia of Religion (15 vol.); Memoires du XXe si\u00e8cle (11 vol.).<\/p>

Al\u0103turi de aceste mijloace specifice dezv\u0103luirii colec\u0163iilor, Biblioteca Jude\u0163ean\u0103 Mure\u015f r\u0103m\u00e2ne o prezen\u0163\u0103 vie \u00een via\u0163a spiritual\u0103 a municipiului \u015fi jude\u0163ului, prin ac\u0163iunile culturale \u015fi \u015ftiin\u0163ifice organizate cu publicul, ac\u0163iuni care se remarc\u0103 prin \u0163inut\u0103 \u015fi contribu\u0163ii la cunoa\u015fterea \u015fi aprofundarea unor evenimente \u015fi la activitatea unor personalit\u0103\u0163i locale, na\u0163ionale \u015fi universale.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Dimitrie Popt\u0103ma\u015f<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ghiduri Ghid din anul 1979 – Biblioteca Jude\u021bean\u0103 Mure\u0219 Biblioteca Jude\u021bean\u0103 Mure\u0219 – Ghid din 1979 Az oldal ford\u00edt\u00e1sa folyamatban\u00a0van Ce se poate scrie \u00een prefa\u0163a unui ghid de bibliotec\u0103 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":838,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-884","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nGhiduri - Biblioteca Jude\u021bean\u0103 Mure\u0219<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bjmures.ro\/publicatii-biblioteca-judeteana-mures\/ghiduri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hu_HU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ghiduri - 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